Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) is a poorly understood phenomenon involving the massive die-off of a beehive or bee colony. CCD was originally found only in colonies of the Western honey bee in North America, but European beekeepers have recently claimed to be observing a similar phenomenon in Poland, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, with initial reports coming in from Switzerland and Germany, albeit to a smaller degree. The cause (or causes) of the syndrome is not yet well understood and even the existence of this disorder remains disputed. Theories include environmental change-related stresses, malnutrition, unknown pathogens (i.e., disease), mites, pesticides, emissions from cellular phones or other man-made devices, and genetically modified (GM) crops.